https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Index ${session.getAttribute("locale")} 5 Monitoring irrigation using landsat observations and climate data over regional scales in the Murray-Darling Basin https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:40177 Kc) based on multiple published relationships. These are combined through the FAO56 methodology using gridded rainfall and two reference evapotranspiration (ETo) products to find actual evapotranspiration as AET = ETo x Kc, providing six ETo-Kc combinations. Results indicate this study method can effectively assess irrigation water use over a range of catchment sizes from ~6000 to ~600,000 ha, although issues arise when regions have a designated low allocation volume for that season (less than40%). Comparisons with the Standardised Precipitation Index (SPI) and Evaporative Stress Index (ESI) show that the proposed method is robust to the rapid onset and short-term droughts, However, its performance was poor during the long term droughts with low water allocation years. The study results during these years has been predominately attributed to water stress in certain crops being undetected, agricultural managers skipping annual crop commodities as well as stock and domestic water use making up larger portions of total water use. This is a limitation of this approach, although when only comparing results in years with greater than 40% allocations, the results improved significantly showing it can monitor water use effectively. When adequate water is available, this approach is able to accurately predict irrigation water use for the sites examined.]]> Wed 28 Feb 2024 14:57:23 AEDT ]]> In situ measurement of soil moisture: a comparison of techniques https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:3481 Wed 24 Jul 2013 22:22:22 AEST ]]> Organic carbon export in steep forested catchments – An assessment of scale and disturbance https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:53337 Wed 22 Nov 2023 10:20:12 AEDT ]]> An in-situ data based model to downscale radiometric satellite soil moisture products in the Upper Hunter Region of NSW, Australia https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:35106 Wed 21 Jun 2023 11:30:04 AEST ]]> Improved inland water levels from SAR altimetry using novel empirical and physical retrackers https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:29636 Wed 19 Jan 2022 15:18:27 AEDT ]]> Improving the resolution of GRACE-based water storage estimates based on machine learning downscaling schemes https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:52612 Wed 18 Oct 2023 13:45:25 AEDT ]]> Prediction of groundwater depth in an arid region based on maximum tree height https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:34935 ln(Dw)|ln(Th),θ)= 7.11 - 1.85Ε(x|ln(Th),θ) where Dw and Th are respectively the theoretical values of groundwater depth and maximum tree height; x is the measured maximum tree height; θ = {7.11, −1.85, 7.19, 0.15, 1.91, 13.45}; R² = 0.82; Marginal log-Likelihood = −131.04; RMSE = 0.33]. In addition, Leave-One-Out Cross-Validation together with correlation analysis indicated that groundwater depth prediction based on maximum tree height in arid regions was an accurate and promising approach. In conclusion, our study showed that the hydraulic limitation of water transportation led to a negative relationship between maximum tree height and groundwater depth. Our developed model for predicting groundwater depth with maximum tree height has provided the important basis for the conservation and management of groundwater resources in arid regions.]]> Wed 12 Jul 2023 10:57:23 AEST ]]> Australian non-perennial rivers: Global lessons and research opportunities https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:55094 Wed 10 Apr 2024 08:46:09 AEST ]]> Where the water goes: Partitioning surface flow and streambed infiltration in an ephemeral river laboratory experiment https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:54637 Wed 06 Mar 2024 10:59:09 AEDT ]]> Monitoring water storage decline over the Middle East https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:45622 Wed 02 Nov 2022 14:48:58 AEDT ]]> Convolutional neural network approach for spatial prediction of flood hazard at national scale of Iran https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:38911 Wed 02 Mar 2022 14:33:32 AEDT ]]> Seasonal drivers of geographically isolated wetland hydrology in a low-gradient, coastal plain landscape https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:46709 Tue 29 Nov 2022 11:36:38 AEDT ]]> Extreme drought causes distinct water acidification and eutrophication in the Lower Lakes (Lakes Alexandrina and Albert), Australia https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:33558 via SO2/4⁻ release and limestone dissolution. Very acidic water (pH 2-3) was neutralised naturally by lake refill, but aerial limestone dosing was required for neutralisation of water acidity during the drought period. The Lower Lakes are characterized as hypereutrophic with much higher salinity, nutrient and algae concentrations than guideline levels for aquatic ecosystem. These results suggest that, in the Lower Lakes, drought could cause water quality deterioration through water acidification and increased nutrient and Chl-α concentrations, more effective water management in the lake catchment is thus crucial to prevent the similar water quality deterioration since the projected intensification of droughts. A comparative assessment on lake resilience and recovering processes should be undertaken with a post-drought monitoring program.]]> Tue 20 Nov 2018 09:39:20 AEDT ]]> Assessing the effects of sediment and tidal level variability on coastal wetland evolution https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:51440 Tue 05 Sep 2023 17:57:09 AEST ]]> Uncertainty assessment of multi-parameter, multi-GCM, and multi-RCP simulations for streamflow and non-floodplain wetland (NFW) water storage https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:43845 Tue 04 Oct 2022 11:53:31 AEDT ]]> Sediment transport in forested head water catchments - calibration and validation of a soil erosion and landscape evolution model https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:30535 Tue 03 Dec 2019 16:20:14 AEDT ]]> Calibrating land hydrological models and enhancing their forecasting skills using an ensemble Kalman filter with one-step-ahead smoothing https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:38183 Tue 02 Jul 2024 15:05:37 AEST ]]> Improved water storage estimates within the North China Plain by assimilating GRACE data into the CABLE model https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:39939 in-situ groundwater level data in the NCP. Compared to the model computation, there was a significant improvement in terms of cross correlation, on average, from 0.12 (before assimilation) to 0.54 (after assimilation). This study demonstrates the effectiveness of GRACE data assimilation toward reliable estimation of ground water storage variation in the NCP, and its promise to quantify the potential implication of water supply from the South-to-North Water Transfer Project within the NCP.]]> Thu 30 Jun 2022 13:40:45 AEST ]]> A hydrological model for interprovincial water resource planning and management: a case study in the Long Xuyen Quadrangle, Mekong Delta, Vietnam https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:31491 Thu 21 Oct 2021 12:45:35 AEDT ]]> Sediment output from a post-mining catchment: centennial impacts using stochastically generated rainfall https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:32709 Thu 20 Oct 2022 09:44:50 AEDT ]]> Development and validation of a physically-based, national-scale hydrological model in China https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:39148 NSE) was found to be larger than 0.7 at 80% of the stations, and the absolute value of relative error (RE) was less than 10% at 95% of the stations. Our result highlights the benefit of incorporating new mechanisms on the special vadose zone water movement and accounts for the impact of elevation change on meteorological and vegetation variables. This paper can serve as a reference for large-scale hydrological simulation with diverse climate, topography and underlying surface conditions.]]> Thu 19 May 2022 15:37:21 AEST ]]> Actively facilitated permeable reactive barrier for remediation of TCE from a low permeability aquifer: field application https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:35120 in situ treatment and remediation approaches are limited for low-permeability aquifers materials, particularly because of limitations to the delivery of reactive chemicals or access to contaminated plumes. In this paper, we describe the development of a cutting-edge solution for the remediation of contaminated groundwater in a low-permeability and low water-bearing aquifer contaminated with the chlorinated hydrocarbon trichloroethylene (TCE). The remediation technique introduced coupling of large-diameter permeable reactive barrier wells (PRB wells) with: (1) extraction wells through in a highly impacted plume; and (2) re-injection wells at the fringe of the plume. A pump-and-treat system (PTS) was employed at the site in a separate plume to reduce the mass of TCE near the second source zone. This research focuses only on the large diameter PRB well system. Conceptual site model development, design considerations, implementation and performance evaluation demonstrated how each of these elements were applied in the field. Approaches for coupling technologies to increase technical and economic feasibility are presented. Extraction and reinjection wells of treated groundwater at the fringe of the plume promoted a positive hydraulic gradient, facilitated groundwater transport through the reactive media, and contained the plume. Detailed geospatial and statistical analysis with over 10 years' monitoring data showed that dissolved TCE plume delineation shrank, and still concentration continues to decline, and were projected to meet the demands of remediation compliance regulations in the next few years. The results of this study indicate that significant remediation was achieved despite the challenging hydraulic conditions of the aquifer. The developed the remediation technology and conclusions indicate the system's usefulness at other sites.]]> Thu 11 May 2023 11:46:01 AEST ]]> Spatial variation of correlations between vertical soil water and evapotranspiration and their controlling factors in a semi-arid region https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:34740 EVI (0–0.1) and D_r indicated that the narrowed D_r in the transition zone was due to the vegetation increase. This meant that more deep soil water was taken up into the atmosphere. Thus, the deep SWC could become unstable and deep soil could become drier, which would be unsustainable for the ecosystem.]]> Thu 02 May 2019 09:31:27 AEST ]]> Multidecadal variability in coastal eastern Australian flood data https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:2255 Sat 24 Mar 2018 10:42:00 AEDT ]]> Sediment transport in steep forested catchments - an assessment of scale and disturbance https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:31484 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:45:13 AEDT ]]> Exact solutions of the Hairsine-Rose precipitation-driven erosion model for a uniform grain-sized soil https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:9707 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:34:37 AEDT ]]> A point rainfall model for risk-based design https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:1309 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:32:44 AEDT ]]> Towards a Bayesian total error analysis of conceptual rainfall-runoff models: characterising model error using storm-dependent parameters https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:1042 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:32:14 AEDT ]]> Parameter estimation and model identification for stochastic models of annual hydrological data: Is the observed record long enough? https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:1130 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:32:05 AEDT ]]> A hidden Markov model for modelling long-term persistence in multi-site rainfall time series: 2. real data analysis https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:1846 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:31:21 AEDT ]]> A hidden Markov model for modelling long-term persistence in multi-site rainfall time series 1: model calibration using a Bayesian approach https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:1848 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:31:20 AEDT ]]> Quantifying parameter uncertainty in stochastic models using the Box-Cox transformation https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:944 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:29:58 AEDT ]]> Soil erosion due to rainfall impact with inflow: an analytical solution with spatial and temporal effects https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:2241 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:29:04 AEDT ]]> Soil erosion due to rainfall impact with no inflow: a numerical solution with spatial and temporal effects of sediment settling velocity characteristics https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:2791 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:27:05 AEDT ]]> Rainfall uncertainty in hydrological modelling: an evaluation of multiplicative error models https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:12511 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:17:39 AEDT ]]> Generating synthetic high resolution rainfall time series at sites with only daily rainfall using a master-target scaling approach https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:10035 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:12:16 AEDT ]]> Towards a general equation for frequency domain reflectometers https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:10806 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:11:49 AEDT ]]> An evaluation of landscape evolution models to simulate decadal and centennial scale soil erosion in grassland catchments https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:12319 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:11:37 AEDT ]]> An efficient causative event-based approach for deriving the annual flood frequency distribution https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:18866 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:03:14 AEDT ]]> Evaluating the non-stationarity of Australian annual maximum flood https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:18596 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:01:04 AEDT ]]> Hydrology and bedload transport relationships for sand-bed streams in the Ngarradj Creek catchment, northern Australia https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:20046 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:00:13 AEDT ]]> Modelling stream sediment concentration: an assessment of enhanced rainfall and storm frequency https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:20596 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:55:32 AEDT ]]> Variation in suspended sediment yield across the UK : a failure of the concept and interpretation of the sediment delivery ratio https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:18566 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:50:09 AEDT ]]> Hydrodynamic and geomorphologic dispersion: scale effects in the Illinois River Basin https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:6465 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:45:13 AEDT ]]> Investigating raindrop effects on transport of sediment and non-sorbed chemicals from soil to surface runoff https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:292 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:42:51 AEDT ]]> Calibration of a land surface model using multiple data sets https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:308 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:42:23 AEDT ]]> Estimating the exceedance probability of extreme rainfalls up to the probable maximum precipitation https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:25940 -7 and 10-6, respectively, but the uncertainty of these estimates spans one to two orders of magnitude. Additionally, the SST method was applied to a range of locations within a meteorologically homogenous region to investigate the nature of the relationship between the AEP of PMP and catchment area.]]> Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:41:26 AEDT ]]> Improving model prediction reliability through enhanced representation of wetland soil processes and constrained model auto calibration - a paired watershed study https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:29713 3 cycling in soils with various degrees of water holding capacity. The new calibration tool has the capacity to calibrate paired watersheds simultaneously within a single framework. It was found that when both proposed methodologies were applied jointly to two paired watersheds on the Delmarva Peninsula, the performance of the models as judged based on conventional metrics suffered, however, the intra-watershed responses (e.g., mass of NO3 lost to denitrification) in the two models automatically converged to realistic sums. This approach also demonstrates the capacity to spatially distinguish areas of high denitrification potential, an ability that has implications for improved management of prior converted wetlands under crop production and for identifying prominent areas for wetland restoration.]]> Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:33:26 AEDT ]]> Comparing three methods to form regions for design rainfall statistics: two case studies in Australia https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:28302 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:27:04 AEDT ]]> Investigating the impact of leaf area index temporal variability on soil moisture predictions using remote sensing vegetation data https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:27043 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:25:22 AEDT ]]> Calibration of conceptual hydrological models revisited: 1. overcoming numerical artefacts https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:3330 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:23:20 AEDT ]]> Calibration of conceptual hydrological models revisited: 2. improving optimisation and analysis https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:3331 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:23:20 AEDT ]]> A disaggregation scheme for soil moisture based on topography and soil depth https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:3403 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:21:41 AEDT ]]> Quantifying parameter uncertainty in stochastic models using the Box-Cox transformation https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:3369 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:19:01 AEDT ]]> A general Bayesian framework for calibrating and evaluating stochastic models of annual multi-site hydrological data https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:3368 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:19:00 AEDT ]]> Addendum to overland flow to and through a segment of uniform resistance https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:3178 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:18:12 AEDT ]]> Dynamic erosion of soil in steady sheet flow https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:3175 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:18:11 AEDT ]]> Rainfall induced chemical transport from soil to runoff: theory and experiments https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:3177 0.90). The model's sensitivity to various physical and chemical parameters illuminated the importance of both raindrop controlled processes and diffusion on chemical transport from soil to surface runoff.]]> Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:18:11 AEDT ]]> Investigating ponding depth and soil detachability for a mechanistic erosion model using a simple experiment https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:3179 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:18:10 AEDT ]]> Representing soakaways in a physically distributed urban drainage model: upscaling individual allotments to an aggregated scale https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:23420 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:13:54 AEDT ]]> Topographic regulations on ecohydrological dynamics in a montane forest catchment and the implications for plant adaptation to environment https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:55800 SFS) and summer (SFS > NFS) related to seasonal variations of radiation and soil water modulated by terrain aspect; (3) faster and greater soil water depletion on NFS than SFS in dry seasons was most likely resulted from evapotranspiration; and (4) total plot transpiration was similar on the opposite slopes despite the topography-induced seasonal differences. The species on SFS were less vulnerable than those on NFS in dry environments reflected by relatively higher transpiration. Our results may indicate that antecedent soil water storage and the following dry-season replenishment are particularly important for tree survival especially those on the equator-facing slopes. The comparisons have sound implications for understanding the ecohydrological dynamics and hillslope forest management in semi-arid areas.]]> Sat 22 Jun 2024 12:46:35 AEST ]]> Disaggregating satellite soil moisture products based on soil thermal inertia: a comparison of a downscaling model built at two spatial scales https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:45520 3/cm3, against in-situ field data, and an average ubRMSEs of 0.07 cm3/cm3 when compared to the National Airborne Field Experiment 2005 (NAFE'05) soil moisture retrievals. Both models showed promising results over semi-arid regions in estimating soil moisture at a high spatial resolution, but with their own strengths and weaknesses. The findings here provide useful insights on the robustness of the soil thermal inertia relationship across scales and the effects of the model resolution to the downscaled soil moisture estimates. The approach demonstrated encouraging results over semi-arid regions in estimating soil moisture at a high spatial resolution.]]> Mon 31 Oct 2022 14:09:58 AEDT ]]> Unsupervised ensemble Kalman filtering with an uncertain constraint for land hydrological data assimilation https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:33384 Mon 25 Jan 2021 09:48:13 AEDT ]]> Riverine CO₂ supersaturation and outgassing in a subtropical monsoonal mountainous area (Three Gorges Reservoir Region) of China https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:38755 pCO₂), CO₂ degassing and their potential controls. The pCO₂ levels ranged from 50 to 6019 µatm with averages of 1573 (SD. ±1060) in dry Autumn and 1276 (SD. ±1166) µatm in wet Summer seasons. 94% of samples were supersaturated with CO₂ with respect to the atmospheric equilibrium (410 µatm). Monsoonal precipitation controlled pCO₂ seasonality, with both the maximal and minimal levels occurring in the wet season, and showing the overall effects of dilution. Riverine pCO2 could be predicted better in the dry season using pH, DO% and DTP, whereas pH and DOC were better predictors in the wet season. We conclude that in-situ respiration of allochthonous organic carbon, rather than photosynthesis, resulted in negative relationships between pCO₂ and DO and pH, and thus CO₂ supersaturation. Photosynthetic primary production was effectively limited by rapid flow velocity and short residence time. The estimated water-to-air CO₂ emission rate in the TGR rivers was 350 ± 319 in the Autumn and lower, yet more variable at 326 ± 439 mmol/m2/d in Summer. Our calculated CO₂ areal fluxes were in the upper-level magnitude of published data, demonstrating the importance of mountainous rivers and streams as a global greenhouse gas source, and urgency for more detailed studies on CO₂ degassing, to address a global data gap for these environments.]]> Mon 24 Jan 2022 11:24:02 AEDT ]]> A linked surface water-groundwater modelling approach to more realistically simulate rainfall-runoff non-stationarity in semi-arid regions https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:36645 Mon 22 Jun 2020 13:44:46 AEST ]]> Mechanisms influencing non-stationarity in rainfall-runoff relationships in southeast Australia https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:36644 Mon 22 Jun 2020 13:44:44 AEST ]]> Hydroclimatic response of evapotranspiration partitioning to prolonged droughts in semiarid grassland https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:36459 Mon 11 May 2020 13:13:42 AEST ]]> Reconstructing pre-instrumental streamflow in Eastern Australia using a water balance approach https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:41273 Mon 01 Aug 2022 09:56:26 AEST ]]> Use of multiple modules and Bayesian Model Averaging to assess structural uncertainty of catchment-scale wetland modeling in a Coastal Plain landscape https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:41258 Mon 01 Aug 2022 09:00:36 AEST ]]> Top-down seasonal streamflow model with spatiotemporal forest sapwood area https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:42210 2 remote study area, a rainfall interpolation procedure using available rainfall data and information on terrain was integrated into a new seasonal streamflow model, called ABCF, which uses catchment sapwood area (SA) as the emergent property that equilibrates with potential evapotranspiration (PET), and a soil storage threshold that reduces AET below PET when soil water is limiting. We produce seasonal estimates of streamflow with Nash Sutcliffe efficiencies of 0.85, 0.87, and 0.91 for three major catchments within the study area. A fundamental feature of the "top-down" model approach is the use of LiDAR data and forest inventory data to model forest structural properties that relate strongly with SA. Building on our previous work with this modelling framework, our representation of eco-hydrological properties of the forest has been refined with a more accurate procedure for estimating stand mean sapwood thickness, and hence SA, and a remotely sensed tree stocking density (N) of old-growth forests to correct the temporal evolution of N as a means to improve SA estimates. Regional consistency of model parameters shows that the "top-down" modelling framework may be used to estimate streamflow in ungauged catchments using a forest growth model. The seasonal model generalised for both water-limited and water-unlimited forest conditions has significant potential for application in water supply planning and drought security.]]> Fri 26 Aug 2022 09:29:20 AEST ]]>